Analyse the condition in which American nations became, according to Essay

Analyse the condition in which American nations became, according to Benedict Anderson, Creole Pioneers of nationalism - Essay Example 534). Colonies came with high developed military, marine, governmental and entrepreneurial capabilities. England started their colonies in both West Indies and North America as they had the ability to build ocean-worthy ships though they did not have a strong history of colonisation on foreign land as Spain did. Benedict Anderson, the author of one of the most important concept in political geography described nations as imagined communities. Born in Kunming, China, and brought up in California then after he moved to Ireland. The major factors contributing to nationalism in the past three centuries as Anderson described were the use of historical materialist or the Marxist approach (Jackson and Penrose 1998, p. 1). In respect to this, Anderson argued that Marxist thought had included nationalism but had proved an uncomfortable irregularity for this theory. He defined a nation as imagined political community seen as both inherently limited and sovereign arguing that the main cause of nationalism and the creation of an imagined community is the reduction of access to particular script language in this case Latin. The other cause is the movement to abolish the ideas of the celestial rule and monarchy, as well as the appearance of the printing press under a scheme of capitalism. The introduction of imagined communities was as a result of reconciling Marxist theories and nationalism and also to put into consideration what Anderson envisaged as a twisted context for the appraisal of nationalism. This distortion still continues both within and outside the academy. In Latin America and Indonesia, Anderson defined a nation as an imagined political community and put it as both inherently limited and sov ereign. Marshall (2007, p. 448) describes the concept of imagined communities as currently standard within geographical books. The concept does not necessarily mean that a nation is false but refers to a nation as being constructed from popular

Pick an idea from the book,In The Belly of the Beast by Jack Henry Essay

Pick an idea from the book,In The Belly of the Beast by Jack Henry Abbott), and discuss about it.Write it on the paper if you ar - Essay Example Authorities at prison deemed him vulnerable for the environment of the jail. When he fights against the filth, the psychiatric torture of the jail administration and insults, he is hated. This was the situation that forced Abbott to write so harsh about the world. He was of those who had found ill-luck to go with them for the whole of their life. He was forced to bring up the cruel mentality which allowed no one and not even for a second to agitate against his wish. He developed a strange opinion of the world; to him, the people can be treated only with bullets and swords. He tells the same flaw in his mentality in the words: â€Å"The only time they appear human is when you have a knife at their throats. The instant you remove it, they fall back into animality† (Abbott and Mailer 83). One of the most interesting ideas which Abbot presents in his letters from jail is the one appealing towards communism. His life-long sufferings, flaw in mental health, the brutalities of the so ciety and his own violent behavior made him believe that there was no God. The theories which the religions produce about God or gods are all false, according to Abbott. Had there been any God, he would surely have helped Abbott to get out of his sorrows. The world could not understand the genius in him and had there been God, there would have been no need for Abbott to explain his innocence before the world. Abbott expresses the cruelties the world has done to him in the words: â€Å"And what is so odd about it all is that society has denied me the experience it enjoys (or thinks it enjoys). The oddity exists in the fact that I cannot know from experience what I have missed, so why am I not happy? I have been denied the society of others: it is as simple as that† (Abbott and Mailer 146). Because the society denied him his due rights, he agitated against it. His agitations turned violent causing bloodshed and he had to bear the consequences in the shape of eternal solitude in jail. In In The Belly Of The Beast, he complains that the society could not treat him like he deserved. At this stage, he wants the society be reproached by the God for his maltreatment. But the God does not do it and he arrives at the conclusion that all the miseries happened to him because there was no God. He is troubled by the concept of God. This idea developed because he sees no solution for his troubles. It reveals he has cried a lot for a God to be there to listen to him. It shows his state of hopelessness against anticipation. He was in fact in dire need of God to solve all his problems but when disappointed, he created his hypothesis by telling Mailer that God was the concept which the human creates of his own and which is created due to despair. Communism is, according to him, the cure of all the diseases. Abbott resembles in fact aligns to Marx in his views. He believes that communism is above all the religions and it should be adopted likewise. In a communist society, all are told that they can get what they want irrespective of their abilities and capabilities. Abbott was unable to find luxuries for his life. It turned him violent and at last a vulnerable criminal ready for bloodshed every time. He could guess no reason behind his violence but the society which behaved brutally towards him. He thought he had to react in a harsher way. The only solution his mind picked was his yearning for a society where he could find everything he wished whether due or undue. When this was his mindset, the

Discussion On The Contribution Of Positivism Philosophy Essay

Discussion On The Contribution Of Positivism Philosophy Essay The universe, everything will change this world everything goes. Society, as a large system, in science and technology become increasingly developed, the rapid improvement of peoples living standard, they also forced us to face one another social problem: The first is the living space needed for the growing and the existing living space very small contradictions, raising concerns about the future of the Concerned; and the real social problems which also plague the people day after day, prompting people to reflect on these issues. Positivism is a product of social change is that people are a reflection of social issues, and its produce to the community has made great contributions to the ensuing also include the limitations of positivism. This essay will talk about the meaning and development of positivism, and then it will show the contribution of positivism and its limitation. The essay also focuses every positivist who makes a significant contribution for positivism. When people want to know the contribution of positivism in society, then they hope to discuss critical of positivism. Firstly they should know what is positivism? What is it time to start, what are the reasons of origin, and other development? (J H Bridges, Robert Speller and Sons 1957) Positivism is a kind of sensory experience stress, rejection of Western metaphysics, the philosophical schools. Empirical positivism was as a form of expression, resulting in the 19th century, 30 to 40 years in France and Britain. Before that, I. Newton, D. Humes empiricism has been involved in empirical question, and the early 19th century French utopian socialists H. Saint-Simon first use positivism. However, strictly speaking, the founder of positivism is the French philosopher, sociologist A. Comte. From 1830 onwards, Comte successively its six volumes of this evidence-based philosophy tutorial, marked the formation of positivism. In accordance with the views of Comte, positivism, broadly speaking , (Comte 1844) philosophical and political system by the composition, the former is the foundation, and next one is a huge system of purpose; narrow to say that Comte founded positivism that is empirical philosophy. Comte that the history of mankind from superstition or metaphysics of science process. When the communities of scientists manage the society, people entered the reality phase. After Comtes positivism, Durkheim righted to be amended and created his own new theory of social fact. What is social fact? (Hadden, p. 104) Durkheim defined social facts as things is the fact that external coercion, which is to create a collective strength rather than from individuals. While they may not seem to be observable, social facts are things, and are to be studied empirically, not philosophically (Ritzer, p. 78). Social Facts: When I perform brother, husband, or citizens, when I carry out my contract, my responsibility, so I define the responsibilities, external to myself and my behavior, in law and custom. Even if they meet my own emotions, I feel that their subjective reality, which is still objective, because I did not create them, I just through my education, inheritance them. (Durkheim Rules, p. 1).   As examples of social facts, Durkheim cites religious beliefs, currency used to undertake transactions, and factors such as the practices followed in my profession (Durkheim Rules, p. 2). These types of behavior or thought are not only outside the individual, but, in addition, to give to force them to impose his own virtue, his personal will to the transfer. (Durkheim Rules, p. 2).    Subsequently, a number of philosophers and scientists of the Comtes positivist philosophy be revised to exclude an epistemological doctrine, promoting a new philosophy of science, there has been Machism and logical positivism.( J. T. Blackmore, R. Itagaki, and S. Tanaka 2009) E. Mach believe that the real science is a fine phenomenology, that is the exact description of a person feels, including this one from where they found some of the rules. He was opposed to the introduction of atomic physics and chemistry, and to a positivist tone of voice, said: You really see it? To the 20th century, Positivism and B. Russell and AN Whiteheads combination of basic mathematics and become the Vienna school of logical positivism lord. Therefore, the history of the positivism is divided into two types: the early positivism known as the old positivism, logical positivism, also known as neo-positivism. Since the days of self-Comte, positivism, who has been graded to be organized on various subjects? From the oldest and the most basic physics to social sciences, each science are assumed to be restored to a sub-1 level, so almost all science and all branches of physics. Genially, (Comte 1844) positivist thought in general the pursuit of scientific facts can be observed, verifiable, and that the predictable future society must be good. Positivism on this attitude of society in the future there are similarities with the utopian socialism, positivism, the contribution of other obvious trend is that it track to track the development of science and scientific development process of the absorption of the factors conducive to philosophical reflection. In short, positivism is a major benefit from the development achievements of modern science and philosophy, but the birth of science to the philosophy of conversion factor is the overall development of modern Western society. The existence of things is a double-edged. Positivism defect is very clear: First, (Alfred Schutz, George Walsh, and Fredrick Lehnert 1967) it over-emphasized the phenomenon, namely, the importance of perceptual knowledge, ignoring rational thought in the history of contributions to human civilization. This caught in inductive way of thinking. Second, (M Weber 1978) it ignores the peoples awareness, particularly the limitations of perceptual knowledge, but to perceptual knowledge extended to the whole of human history. Means that as long as the positivism of cognition, in any era is all that can be perceived, but people know the reality not the case. Third, positivism not seems to realize that natural scientific approach congenitally deficient. Therefore, people can also make such a positivist criticism. Then positivism is not a panacea theory, is that many positivists themselves think so too, therefore, on some issues people can and must be positivism to the study, in some other iss ues; people will need to use some other ways to solve the problem, such as rationalism, not only positivism. Then the famous positivist Comtes positivism is a kind of sensory experience stress, exclusion metaphysical schools of Western philosophy, Comte use it to try to distinguish and thus to replace the traditional philosophy of idealism and materialism. Comtes positivism is the idealism of Berkeley and Humes empiricism and Newtons mechanistic philosophy of combination. It is in this experience, tradition, inspired by the positivist philosophy of Comte from which extends the theory out. Positivism, empiricism has inherited the basic viewpoints of the past, that the origin of all the issues on the world belong to metaphysics, but only what is the philosophy of phenomenology should be studied. (A Comte 1988)Comte advocated everything should be based on the point of view the phenomenon as a starting point, only those who really based on knowledge are scientific. Positivist philosophy of Comte first three stages of the development of the human mind of the inspection, the second is an empirica l interpretation of the spirit. Comtes sociology, said that he was mainly from the positivist point of view, put forward the idea of building a modern society. In addition, (A Comte 1979)Comte is divided into social statics and social dynamics the two blocks of sociology, Social Statics study of social system and social structure, this is not to consider the social system of basic movement, to study the various components of the system between the roles and counterproductive law. It corresponds to the order. Social dynamics, which research development and changes in the social system, the laws, the core was social progress. This distinction is not a distinction between two types of facts, but the distinction between two aspects of the theory order and progress, statics and dynamics, are always interrelated. However, (M J Smith 1998) Comte focus only on his own during this period of European cultural values, there is no more comprehensive look at the definition of positivism; his stu dy has limitations and is in a particular environment, a study is not comprehensive. (B Agger 2007) Durkheims contributions mainly have social facts, social aspects, and division of labour and sociological approaches. According to social facts and social aspects he has a strong social structure point of view, in every one of us is subject to these social facts, and how we must adapt to these means. Durkheim believed that the division of labor does not lead to social disintegration, but the change in the form of social solidarity provides a useful method of study of modern society. However, there are some problems with his opinion such as actions, consensus, solidarity and common Consciousness. Although there are common ethical in our society in many aspects, there is one in similar circumstances, a person acting in various ways there are also many opportunities. Durkheim may be aware of this possibility, but he did not seem to have anything to say about the nature of human motivation. He was too concerned about the larger structural problem. human action or human act ion is unlikely that the theory is limited. Webers action or models, such as symbolic interactionism the most recent here, some of the methods will prove more useful. While doing thinking of Durkheim on social unity and a source of useful contribution, which usually seems to be his only concern. Durkheim and structure of the functional approach with the difficulties of the latter is almost completely ignored the conflict and power differences. (Laurence D. Smith 1988)Laurence D. Smith (Author) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ º Visit Amazons Laurence D. Smith PageAfter Durkheim, logical positivism empirical basis in logic as a tool for reasoning, using probability theory to correct conclusions. It is believed that the scientific study of human behavior is the only correct way. Logical positivism that: a question of fact that only recourse to observation alone. Lets say the logical positivism of the logical. Logic is an important tool for logical positivism. One is the scientific methodology of inductive logic, and the second is to create a semantic study of its interpretation of the logic. (M.W. Wartofsky 1984) The scientific concept of logical positivism does exist significant deficiencies, in which one of the most fundamental flaws is the humanistic significance of science and humanistic values of neglect. In accordance with logical positivism of science and scientific interpretation of Marxism, Science was seen as a kind of beyond the hum an or higher than the human nature becomes a self-existing entity, or be deemed to be a kind of detached from the on which it depends and development of the human condition, needs and interests of the mothers thing In conclusion, Positivism is a manifestation of social progress, it is a kind of social development and peoples thinking, and positivism is a philosophical genre, which is the empiricism of the evolution. It is an important component of Western philosophy, but there are also right to criticize the views of positivism, Western scholars have also put forward their own views, New Kantianism, Functionalism, Structuralism, Exchange theory Symbolic Interactionism Behaviorism and Post-modernism, etc., on the evidence ism expressed doubts and make their own good reasons. So people need to be more substantial look at these theories to better use than them.

My Educational Philosophy :: Philosophy of Education Teaching

My Educational Philosophy Teachers are the shapers of tomorrow. They work with the future on a daily basis: they have the privilege of working with children. Children determine the brightness and promise of their future and our future, as well. This is why I find teaching to be the greatest career choice anyone could make. Children entrust their teacher with the better part of their day. This time that they give should be treated as valuable as it surely is. The worth of students’ time is immeasurable. This time cannot be returned to them and, likewise, should be treated with respect. When well spent, this time can be used valuably. Educators have several purposes, but those who understand the value of the time spent with their students can better prepare those students for the future. From the first day when students set foot in my classroom, I become responsible for them. I decided to become an educator because I want to make an impact on today’s world and the world of tomorrow. In my opinion, educators have the greatest opportunity to make this impact because they are with twenty-five impressionable children for eight hours a day and 180 days a year. In many cases, the teacher is the only stability some children have. I will become a guide to many expectant children. I become a very important element in their lives as I am their educator, their motivator, their nurse, their disciplinarian, and, hopefully, their role model. Teachers are not just responsible for a child’s educational growth. As a teacher, I will be responsible for the growth of the whole child. I want to become my students’ motivator and help them achieve the best. Each child should be made aware of his potential and abilities. The teacher’s job is to keep each student involved and interested in his education. This requires the teacher to do much one-on-one instruction. This is where one of my educational philosophies, Existentialism, comes in. All students need to appreciate their uniqueness; therefore, they should be given some responsibility in making decisions about their education.

Life’s Dispute

It is interesting to explore the work of art of Ernest Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms. In the story, it gives the readers a sense of responsibility hand in hand with intense love for someone that the protagonist has to his beloved. The blend of one’s conviction and love are the focal elements in the author’s masterpiece.As the author shed light to the intriguing scenario of the story, at some point, the readers would have passionate longing and at the same time a huge responsibility to his craft. It is indeed in this story that the author uses the realities of life which truly give emphasis to the norm of the story.Furthermore, A Farewell to Arms involves a great representation of one’s ideals in life. On how the central character portrays his conviction all through out the story is the essential part of this paper. The elaboration of ideals as well as realities of life will be presented in this dissertation.In lieu of the story, Frederick Henry is the lea ding character. He’s a volunteer ambulance driver which has a huge responsibility in the realm that he is into but at the same time, at the back of his mind, he is thinking about the indifferent world. Accordingly, he does his work efficiently but along the way, he makes a gesture that he misses the point wherein the essentiality his work does not serve his persona anymore.In addition to the protagonist ideals in life, it was characterized in the story how he passionately fall in love with Catherine with whom he focuses his attention. The deep rooted feelings that he established towards Catherine truly leave a mark to his character and on the later part of the story, it was clearly shown how he stand with his love despite the challenges that comes their way.Catherine Barkley was said to be the one behind the character of Frederick Henry. She was once loose her fiancà ©. She met Frederick Henry in the hospital. They both got attracted with each other which lead them to have a relationship. Their affair was intensely depicted in the story which enlightens the very essence of A Farewell to Arms. Catherine’s character without a doubt had a huge impact to Frederick Henry’s character. She simply defines the perseverance of the central character by using their love as central element, â€Å"I want what you want.There is no any me any more just what you want† (Hemingway, p.106). The characteristic of Frederick Henry is not the serious type when it comes to relationship, â€Å"I did not love Catherine Barkley nor had any idea of loving her. This was a game, like bridge, in which you said things instead of playing cards. Like bridge you had to pretend you were playing for money or playing for some stakes. Nobody had mentioned what the stakes were† (Hemingway, p. 31). As Frederick Henry had an attachment to Catherine, his feelings transforms in a much deeper character of a man with conviction to his girl.On the later part of the story when Catherine had difficulty in her pregnancy and to the extent that she looses her life with their baby, it expounds the strength in the leading role’s character as he stand firm and with open arms accept the challenges of life. Truly, the world is indifferent in the eyes of Frederick Henry but because of Catherine’s contributions to his life, he became strong with a grip to love the life that he has.Rinaldi, a physician and a friend to Frederick Henry was one of the contributing characters in the story. Through this man, it draws a picture of concentrated aim for the best. He focuses his attention to two things – war and country. This man talks about medal of bravery and development in ones craft. Indeed, it gives the leading character to have a perception as regards to work as well as to excel in his field.Passini, another effective character in A Farewell to Arms delineates the intention of the story. Considering his character, his views in life was to quit with what he is doing.He wanted to end the war just like that because he does not appreciate anymore the imperative task he is portraying, â€Å"One side must stop fighting. Why don't we stop fighting† (Hemingway, p.51). Unfortunately, he died in the event of the story, and this circumstance serves an eye opener to the protagonist that when you relinquish the struggle, you almost surrender yourself.

Multimedia Assignment

Multimedia Assignment BY mck10101 Module code: 5M 299 Pre-production encompasses everything you do before you start recording and producing your media. Good pre-production will save time and hardship in the production and post-production stages. (McLaughlin, 2013). The overall goal is to maintain control during the high pressure production and post-production stages. Research and exploration i. There are two forms of research that can be carried out before starting a project: Primary Research (interviews, surveys, questionnaires, etc. Secondary Research (websites, reports, books, Journals, etc. Often it is secondary research that is undertaken as this is less time consuming and more cost effective. it. There are two categories that require exploration for an efficient project to take shape: Analysing the industry and marketplace by comparing competiveness, usability and Human Computer Interaction Getting to know your audience by carrying out usability tests, primary research and site analytics (McLaughlin, 2013) Layouts and Sketches These play an integral part of creating a visual representation of any given project.They are used for the following reasons: Show the placements of elements Provide a rough plan for the client such as text, graphics, links, headers, footers and banners (McLaughlin, 2013) Layouts and Sketches can be for the Web, Flash and Animations. Here are some examples of how layouts and sketches can be presented: Content Generation There are two forms of content generation: Client generated User generated Client generated content is where the client provides the webmaster with the text, images, logos and graphics.User generated on the other hand, is real time content with information flowing two ways. Social media is a prime example of this. Information Architecture, including storyboards and flowcharts Information architecture is about helping people understand their surroundings and find what theyre looking for – in the real world as w ell as online (IA', 2013). The goal is to design a project where the navigation feels natural and the content is logically grouped.Some techniques that can be used to help with the visualisation of a project are: Primary Research (getting feedback from real users) Storyboards (rough draft visual representation) Flowcharts (pictorial representation showing all steps involved in process) Here is a ypical example of a flowchart that is used in helping people understand the navigation process: Another visual aid is a sitemap which can be created and understood by non- technical viewers: Scheduling and project management These are vital to maintain that a project is delivered within a certain time-frame and that the objectives and requirements are clearly defined throughout.According to McLaughlin (2013), Project management is a 5 step process: 1. Initiating (Client commitment stage) 2. Planning (Pre-production ; Production stages) 3. Executing (Production stage) 4. Monitoring and contro lling (Production stage) . Closing (Post-production stage) File Formats and associated Extensions Video File Format: Extension: Description: Audio Video Interleave Windows standards. Moving Pictures Expert Group 4 . mpeg4, . mp4 Good for Web as it is supported by everything. Flash Video Format . flv Delivers MPEG video through Flash.DVD Video Object . vob DVD standard container. Audio Wave Files . wav CD quality and very large files. Moving Pictures Expert Grout 2 Audio Layer Ill . mp3 Good for streaming and small file size than wave. Free Lossless Audio C . flac Half the size of WAV files. Musical Instrument Digital Interface . midi, . mid Good for synthesised sound and easy to edit. Images Portable Network Graphics . png Standard format for web and suitable for crisp logos. Photoshop documents . psd Large files and Adobe propriety files. Vector Image . i Adobe propriety and Adobe Illustrator project file. Scalable Vector Graphic . svg W3C standard and specific for Web vector graph ics. Animation Animated Graphics Interchange Format Very small, supports transparency but not sound. Shock Wave Flash . swf Good for web, compressed and supports audio playback. Requires Shockwave plug-in for browser. Abobe Flash Project file . fla Propriety Adobe format. Actionscript for user interactivity. Not compressed and can create entire websites. SWISH Project File . swi Part of Coral DRAW Graphics suite.Coral DRAW is the equivalent of Adobe . fla file. Can be export as wt, . avi, and . git List four examples of Devices and Platforms Devices According to the Macmillan Dictionary (2013), a ‘device' is a machine or piece of equipment that does a particular thing. The following listed devices are capable of displaying Multimedia content: Smartphones Tablets Laptops MP3 Player Platforms: According to Merriam-Webster Online (2013), a ‘platform' is the computer rchitecture and equipment using a particular operating system.Here is a list of different platforms available : Smartphone Mac iPhone Windows Android osx iOS Linear and Non-Linear The difference between linear and non-linear is on the interactivity. If the user can control the access and the order of the content then it is a non-linear structure. Watching a movie used to be an example of a linear media experience, but now the DVD format allows you to have a non-linear experience by choosing scenes and going forward and backward (BMCC, 2011). Linear can be distinguished trom non-linear because i nas literally no interactivity ot any in k d.http://www.answers.com/Q/http://www.bmcc.cuny.edu/j2ee/index.jsphttp://www.enterprisesolutions.vic.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/WEB-GUIDE-06-WMF-Publication-v2.2.docx